Acne is a skin infection that starts in the neck of the sebaceous gland which is attached to a hair follicle.  Normally the sebaceous oils would drain away from the glands and out of the skin.  However when the pores of the skin are blocked this is not possible.  This means that dead skin cells can become trapped within the deeper layers of the skin along with excess oils.  Acne forms near the opening of the sebaceous glands that have hair follicle in them.

At times of imbalanced hormones, the sebaceous glands will produce oils at a much accelerated rate.  Sebum is a mixture of these oils combined with dead skin cells and environmental dirt.  The sebum continues to fill up the sack of the sebaceous gland and then a bacterium called Propionibacterium starts to multiply.  This becomes worse due to the fact that the pore blockage prevents any oxygen accessing deeper into the skin.

The cause of the bacteria flourishing in the skin is that an infection begins.  This in turn results in inflamed areas where the skin has a blockage and has become filled with dead skin cells and puss.  This is known as a papule or cyst.  The cyst continues to develop through its progressive stages and eventually ruptures, releasing the infected materials out of the skin.

Doctors try to intervene during the process of acne and try to prevent formation of acne that may scar the skin eternally. The responsible for acne in women during their menstrual cycles is the same hormonal disturbance.

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